Positivism as an Epistemological System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Positivism as an Epistemological System - Essay Example In this way, there can be no space for any otherworldly deliberations in clarifying wonders. In the second rush of positivist idea, a second type of positivism, for example coherent positivism occurred, and â€Å"took bit of leeway of the further advancement made in the hard sciences to demand cleansing all transcendentalism from the logical method† (Jordan, 2004, p.28). â€Å"Logical positivist perspectives about science and information depended on a general hypothesis of language. †¦This hypothesis of language included two fundamental thoughts, the expository engineered qualification and the undeniable nature hypothesis of meaning† (Godfrey-Smith, 2003, p.25). I will examine these thoughts in detail in the following area. The third flood of positivism is for the most part ascribed to a gathering called the Vienna Circle. â€Å"The Vienna Circle was set up by Moritz Schlick and Otto Neurath. †¦But from the good 'ol days through the end, a focal scholarly fig ure here was Rudolf Carnap† (Godfrey-Smith, 2003, p.22). In this stage, positivism was conveyed in its consistent structure. Be that as it may, a few positivists want to see this last period as legitimate or logical observation (Greetham, 2006, p.121), to recognize it from the past sensible positivist development. In this article, I will utilize the term intelligent positivism to allude to the entire of twentieth century positivism, to recognize it from Comte’s nineteenth century positivism. Positivism as Epistemology From a general point of view, positivism is viewed as an epistemological framework through its support of achieving experimental information through sense recognition, and its adherence to the logical technique for example enlistment. Anyway when sensible positivism ventured into the image, it was clarified that â€Å"logical positivism had different roots... The initial segment of the paper comprises of a verifiable examination of nineteenth century positivism, intelligent positivism, up until the time of the Vienna Circle. The subsequent part covers the epistemological ramifications of positivism. Here,the principle fundamentals of intelligent positivism and its adherence to epistemology are examined. A primary figure that it will be examined here is Karl Popper. At long last, this paper is finished up by talking about the fall of positivism. The paper focuses on that progress and improvement in information is an unending undertaking. Since the introduction of positivism up until its defeat, positivism in any case molded the way we do science. The authod talks that one is the breakdown of the perspective on language that shaped the premise of numerous coherent positivist and consistent empiricist thoughts. Another is pressure from all encompassing contentions. A third is the disappointing history of endeavors to build up an inductive rationale. A fourth is the improvement of another job for fields like history and brain science in the way of thinking of science. The report makes an end that positivism prevailing with regards to building up a deliberate strategy for moving toward the real world. What's more, logical information was the very reason for recreating reality, with logical laws as focal in examine. On the off chance that epistemology is the investigation of information, at that point positivism is a substantial epistemological framework. For if there is one thing that positivism built up, it is no other than a reasonable recreation of human information dependent on the techniques and standards of science itself. It is in such manner that positivism, notwithstanding its fall, end up being powerful from the beginning of time.

Global Marketing Strategies

Worldwide Marketing Strategies The worldwide market has encountered a great deal of rivalry in the ongoing past from rival organizations of each assistance delivered. The market has abandoned being monopolistic to consummate rivalry advertise. One such model is the market of carbonated sodas just alluded to as soda.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Global Marketing Strategies explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are different organizations delivering sodas including brands like the Coca-Cola, Pepsi and Schweppes. Of the previously mentioned three brands, Coca-Cola is one of the most seasoned existing organizations set up in 1944 in the United States. As far as market entrance, Coca-Cola has figured out how to disperse its items to more than 200 nations round the globe (Mikkelson and Mikkelson, 2001, p.1). The strength that Coca-Cola has all around is inferable from a representative by the name Griggs Candler, who subsequent to buying the organization started solid showcas ing strategies that prompted its prosperity. So as to superbly wander into the market, Coca-Cola delivers new brands of its soda pop including diet coke, sans caffeine Coca-Cola and Coca-Cola vanilla just to make reference to a couple. Moreover, the organization circulates soft drink wellspring concentrates to food administration merchants just as café who set up the beverage from the outset hand to the clients. What's more, the bundling materials utilized by Coca-Cola are appealing and sturdy along these lines pulling in more clients. To put it plainly, the promoting methodology of Coca-Cola Company is outstanding amongst other prompting its predominance in the worldwide market. Pepsi-Cola is another organization that spends significant time in creating soda pops. The contention between Pepsi cola and Coca-Cola arrived at the top during the 1970s prompting the ‘cola wars’ (Louis and Harvey, 1980). In this, the Pepsi organization concocted defective outcomes from tests they had directed to recommend that purchasers favored their items to those of Coca-Cola. These are a portion of the advertising methodologies that Pepsi has utilized throughout the years in an offer to vanquish the market. Pepsi had a trademark that played on radio and the TV to draw in shoppers to their items. Moreover, the Pepsi Company utilized the administrations of a craftsman by the name Polly Bergen so as to advance its items. The latest advertising technique by Pepsi is that of re-planning their organization logo. The logo along with the creation of new brands of beverages, for example, the ordinary, diet and Pepsi max have been a forward leap in the market entrance of Pepsi drinks.Advertising Looking for paper on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Schweppes is one more of the soda pops brand delivered by various organizations relying upon the area. This organization has had some expertise in the creation of carbonated water and sodas, making it not quite the same as the other two organizations talked about above. The most widely recognized advertising methodology that the organization has utilized is gotten from the sound of gas that is regularly delivered during the time spent opening the tin bottle. In this way, a large portion of their ads on the TV and radio use sound to word imitation of â€Å"Schhhhh†¦..Schweppes† which has helped in advertise entrance of their brands. Truth be told, the bundling utilized by Schweppes has significantly added to the achievement of the brand, as individuals lean toward the tin jars to the glass bottles generally utilized by different organizations. From the above conversation, obviously the promoting methodology that an organization picks is the deciding variable of it achievement (Kotler and Keller, 2009). The three organizations examined above, have distinctive promoting methodologies that they use to wander into the market and hold their clients. Reference List Kotler, P., and Keller, K. (2009). Advertising the board (thirteenth ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. Louis, J. furthermore, Harvey, Z. (1980). The Cola Wars. Everest House, Publishers, New York, NY, USA. Mikkelson, B, and Mikkelson D. (2001). The Claus That Refreshes. snopes.com. Recovered from https://www.snopes.com/certainty check/the-claus-that-revives/

Old Writer, New Book Hostage by Elie Wiesel

Old Writer, New Book Hostage by Elie Wiesel In 2005, I traveled to Mexico City a few times. On one of those trips, I spent the afternoon roaming the city with some friends, and stumbled across a bookseller in the street. I had hesitated to buy books on any of my previous trips because they are quite expensive there. I saw something, though, that caught my eye. It was a book by Gabriel Garcia Marquez that I had never heard of. I thought that I had read pretty much everything at that point, but there was a copy of something called Memoria de mis putas tristes. I bought it, thinking that I would challenge myself to read it without consulting my Spanish-English dictionary any more than absolutely necessary. My plan was to read the Spanish edition first, then hunt down an English copy as soon as I had finished it. That day came and went, and I was feeling pretty proud of myself because I thought had gotten most of the jokes. I thought if I could just get my hands on an English copy, I would finally be able to laugh at them all. I was quite surprised to discover that the book had only been released in Spanish a few months before I purchased it, and the English translation, Memory of My Melancholy Whores, was not due out until several months later. I had thought that Garcia Marquez had stopped writing fiction long before that. To discover that I had something new, something that my professors had not read, that the bookstores did not carry, was mind-blowing. To discover that he was still writing, and that he was as good as ever, was exciting. There are other writers out there that I do not expect to see new titles from. They are older now, and they might still make appearances or write the occasional essay. We do not expect them to be hard at work on a new book. We assume their stories have been told. Ray Bradbury stands out as an exception to this rule. Garcia Marquez has proven that he is, too.   While perusing the fall catalogs earlier this week, I learned that I could add another name to that list Elie Wiesel,   Nobel Peace Prize recipient and author of Night. I read   Night in both high school and college. I knew that he had written several other novels, including the two follow-ups to Night, but I have not read very many of them. I have read his essays and listened to his speeches. I knew that he was still active politically, but I had no idea that he was still writing. I read the description for Hostage and was intrigued by the opening statement, which reads: The acclaimed novelist and Nobel laureate returns to the subjects that have brought him the widest critical and commercial success He went away from those subjects? He was not a critical and commercial success? When did that happen? I realized that I had missed out on more than a few of Wiesels novels, and when I explored some of the most recent titles, I saw that they were not always received favorably, though reviewers seem to go out of their way to be gentle with their criticism.   The Los Angeles Times review of   his 2010 novel The Sonderberg Case is just one example: Along with Wasserman, we hope for illumination from Sonderbergs story, but it comes to us hurriedly, secondhand, partly in paraphrase. Unfortunately, the stilted style and convoluted rendering of this key scene are typical of The Sonderberg Case â€" in contrast to Night, which is simple, direct, harrowing, unforgettable. Judging by the reaction I got when I tweeted the news of Wiesels new book. there are a lot of people who are just as excited as I am. There are also a lot of people who did not realize that it was not all that long ago that he had a new title hit the shelves. The fact that these books have gone largely unnoticed makes me wonder what I can expect from this new title. Will it be as satisfying as Night?  Should I set my expectations that high? Or should I take Hostage with a grain of salt, as I would do with so many other writers who are as prolific as Wiesel has been? The difference in this situation being, of course, that I did not know he had been writing this whole time.   How did I not know that? These days, it is not uncommon to have a book on my shelves before the general public.   Sometimes they are sent to me with a request to be reviewed on my blog. Other times I ask for something that catches my eye. If there is a book from a prominent author that catches my eye, I expect that I will have to wait until it hits the stores. I do not even ask. Normally. I did this time, and I was lucky. I will let you know what I think of it a bit closer to the August 21st release date. Now, if there was just some way to substantiate the 2010 rumor that theres a new Garcia Marquez novel, titled Well Meet in August, I would be a happy lady. Thats one book that I would give up my first-born child to get my hands on.

Dissociative Identity Disorder - 1221 Words

This research paper is about Dissociative identity disorder (DID) as known as multiple personality disorder. DID in which a person could have many different parts to their personality due to severe stress and an experience of a trauma. A person with DID when the have control over their one identity they cannot remember what they did when their other identities were in control. Most of the time people with DID have two personalities but they could have more than two which is referred as alters. Then it’s a task for the professionals to communicate with the different personalities and have an effective relationship with any personality that causes the violence, destructive behavior and find a way to terminate it. Dissociative identity†¦show more content†¦There was a woman name Eve white, who is a wife and a mother. When she started to face the blinding headaches and occasional blackouts, she was sent to personality psychiatrist Dr. Luther, and she was diagnosed with DI D. Eve White was diagnosed with personality name Eve Black. Eve White had no idea about Eve Black. Eve White was depressed, sad etc, on the other hand, Eve Black was fun loving and wild women. After Eve White’s husband discovers this disorder in Eve White, he abandons Eve White and their daughter, Bonnie. Eve White was sent to asylum when Eve Black attempted to Dissociative Identity Disorder 5 kill Eve White’s daughter. Eve White had no idea about this incidence. As time goes on, Eve White was diagnosed with third personality known as, Jane. Jane was the only personality that knew everything that was happening with Eve White and Eve Black. After discovering third personality, Eve White marries a man name Earl; she met him when Eve White was playing Jane. So we can see DID can come in many different Phases, so we can’t really predict what happens to the person till it actually happens. Also one of the famous movies Fight Club is a very good example of dissociative identity disorder. In the movie the main character is tired of his different daily routines and suffers from insomnia. He becomes friend with Tyler a soap salesmen on the plane coming back from a business meeting. After meeting Tyler again at a bar the mainShow MoreRelatedDissociative Identity Disorder ( Dissociative Disorder )1040 Words   |  5 PagesDissoci ative Identity Disorder Dissociative identity disorder, formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder, is a mental illness that is greatly misunderstood, much like many other mental illnesses. Nicholas Spanos, Professor of Psychology, hypothesized Multiple Personality Disorder as a defense against childhood trauma that creates â€Å"dissociation† or a split mental state. The trauma sustained during childhood is so substantial, that the individual creates different identities to cope with itRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder ( Dissociative Disorder )1194 Words   |  5 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder is a disorder distinguished by the existence of two or more distinct personality states. It is also known as DID or Multiple Personality Disorder. It is very rare, with only 20,000 to 200,000 known US cases per year. Currently, there is no known cure, but treatment can sometimes help. Many believe that DID can be caused by a significant trauma and is used as a coping mechanism to help avoid bad memories. The disorders most often form in kids victim to long-term physicalRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder970 Words   |  4 Pages Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) is a severe condition in which two or more dissimilar identities, or character states, are present and alternately take control of an individual. The person experiences memory loss that is vaguely extensive to be explained as common forgetfulness. These symptoms are not taken in consideration for by seizures, substance abuse or any other medical conditions. Description of DID: Symptoms: Read MoreDissociative Identity Disorder2780 Words   |  12 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder Imagine waking up in a new house, town, city, even state and not knowing how you got there. Now add onto that thought of forgetting almost a year of your life because someone else, or something, has taken over your body. That is just a look into dissociative disorders in general. Dissociative Disorders are ‘extreme distortions in perception and memory† (Terwilliger 2013). Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), or previously known as Multiple Personality Disorder, isRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder2296 Words   |  9 Pagesdefines dissociative identity disorder (DID) as the occurrence of a minimum of two different personalities and maybe more than two. It also clarifies that the switching between the distinct personalities can be observed by the individual who is suffering from dissociative identity disorder or witnessed by others. (Barlow, 2014, P. 1). This disorder used to be known as multiple personality disorder, which is more recognized and understood to peop le without a psychology background. This disorder can beRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder : Dissociative Identification Disorder1485 Words   |  6 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Identity Disorder is a mental disorder where an individual experiences two or more distinct personalities. When an individual is diagnosed with Dissociative Identity Disorder, one personality has dominant control of an individual. This personality controls how a person may act and how they live everyday life. A person diagnosed with this disease may or may not be aware of their alternate personalities. Each personality is contrasting of each other withRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder2158 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"Dissociative Identity Disorder† Through out the years there has been many disorders that continue to be diagnosed on people, many can be difficult to deal with. Some of these disorders can be uncontrollable and can make it harder on the patients who are trying to get better. Disorders are not sicknesses that can be cured and gone with a couple of doses of medicine, disorders are serious problems a person has to deal with usually if not for a large amount of time, it can be every day for the restRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder1030 Words   |  5 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder Defining what is abnormal is not necessarily easy. There are many different criteria to determine what exactly is normal and what is abnormal. According to Ciccarelli and White (2012) as early as 3000 B.C.E. there have been human skulls found with holes in them. Archaeologists suspect this was caused because of the treatments they had years ago such as â€Å"trepanning†. Trepanning is done nowadays as well to remove extra fluids from the brain, as for years ago doctors didRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder ( Dissociative Personality )1254 Words   |  6 PagesDissociative identity disorder (previously known as multiple personality disorder) is thought to be a complex mental condition that is likely brought on by numerous variables, including serious injury amid early adolescence generally compelling, repetitive physical, sexual, or psychological mistreatment. The greater part of us have encountered mild dissociation, which resemble wandering off in fantasy land or losing all sense of direction at the time while taking a shot at an undertaking. In anyRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder1678 Words   |  7 PagesDissociation is defined as â€Å"a mental process, which produces a lack of connection in a person s thoughts, memories, feelings, actions, or sense of identity† (Grohol, 2016). The Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a severe condition in which two or more separate, distinct identities or personality states are present in an individual. In other words, a person has, what seems like, actual distinct and contrasting people in their head and these â€Å"alters† are able to take control of an individual’s

Should Peds Persist Illegal For Athletes - 1220 Words

Should PEDs Persist Illegal for Athletes? Who could spare a day not doing any sort of sports? Throughout the years sports have been taking much place in people’s lives. Physical activity is an action which requires an individual’s efforts and own sweat. Of course, the efforts should ward off any drug involvement, especially in the sports field. Using performance enhancing drugs has extended and become a wide-spread phenomenon in many fields of sports. Using PEDs is one of the issues that athletes faced whether or not to make a decision to have it. Some athletes are banned, because they used drugs to improve their performance, and it became a controversial topic in the Olympics and in the World Cup. Even though opponents suggests that PEDs should be allowed somehow to enhance athletes’ performance, they should be prohibited because research prove that PEDs could cause health problems, could eliminate the purity and virtue of sports between competitors, and could easily encourage youngsters to head towards drugs. According to Savulescu, will allowing professional athletes to take drugs with medical prescription encourage young athletes to do what the professionals do? Allowing professionals to have drugs under medical prescription will allow young athletes to look for any excuse to get drugs whether they need it or not. Of course that might be risky for the young athletes’ health. Savulescu mentions that banning is ruining the temperament andShow MoreRelatedAthletes Don t Need Steroids1451 Words   |  6 PagesProfessional athletes don’t need steroids but they put their hard work and dedication to using it. They want to build themselves into an athlete that loves more competition in themselves and others. But why use steroids when you can do it all by yourself and not to cheat but succeed in life do what you can to be a better athlete in sports. Its seem too often these days: the metric rise of an athletic superstar, with fans that marvel at his strength, quickness and agility and then, in an instant theRead MoreEssay about Steroids in Professional Sports976 Words   |  4 Pagesorder to watch sports. There are few issues in the world of sports. But there is one issue that stands out, steroids. Although steroids may increase strength, stamina and athleticism, they are incredibly harmful to your body and should never be used. Still, some athletes persist in taking them, knowing that these substances provide a physical advantage. Although this is true, steroids can cause serious physical and psychological side effects. Steroids are simply a derivative of the naturally occurring

Vegetable Juice Advertisement Free Essays

Films and commercials are the mirrors of the society. Many times, they portray our behavior, our culture, our beliefs our rules. Consider this ad for vegetable juices. We will write a custom essay sample on Vegetable Juice Advertisement or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"We are giving 30 million servings of vegetables to those who need it most. Want to help? † Asking you to help them feed the hungry the ad tries to sell its product in an innovative way. Clearly aimed at people who love to lead organic lives (read free of impurities) in every way it immediately draws their attention. Once drawn into reading it, it positions itself as a most common source of vegetables – â€Å"you usually drink V8 juice to get vegetables†. A picture of mud laden green leafy vegetable invokes the feeling of freshness and ‘straight from nature’ thought into the reader’s mind. Anything that is offered by the nature is considered pure and this helps dispel any notion of impurity from the minds of an alert and informed reader. It’s not difficult to miss the principal assumption that people who care about their health (and thus eating more vegetables) are the ones who also care about the environment and usually associates themselves with noble causes like helping to feed malnourished people. With this the advertisement effectively delivers its message that V8 juices are healthy alternative providing nutrients. To live healthy, green and helping poor are the changing signs of the times and the ad links itself with the trend and hopefully gets away with the message. The ad is definitely politically progressive as it gives people the opportunity to connect to a worthy cause while selling its product at the same time. It implores people to help the less privileged though their indirect actions. How to cite Vegetable Juice Advertisement, Papers

Should Cosmetic Surgery Be Banned Essay Example

Should Cosmetic Surgery Be Banned? Paper Introduction Nowadays, cosmetic surgery has become more popular for modern people. Some people believe that it is a science to improve the beauty of a person. On the other hand, there are some people disagree with it. People said that cosmetic surgery involves risk which may cause serious diseases such as heart attack. Both of the side have their own reasonable reason based on should or should not ban cosmetic surgery. Agree to ban the cosmetic surgery Point 1: Costly * When people decide to undergo cosmetic surgery, they often consult a professional who gives them an estimate as to the cost * The actual cost can rise dramatically over the estimate, leading patients to suffer pressure to pay the entire amount even if they cannot afford it. Point 2: Negative effect of cosmetic surgery * People with a sensitive body are most susceptible and vulnerable to infections from the surgery. * The result of the cosmetic surgery might not turn according to your desires. * Possibility of death cannot be ruled out during plastic surgery. Point 3: Cosmetic surgery made people forgot their originality look * People should not be changing the way they are to be prettier or anything because all they had are come from their parents. * Confucius said that ‘it is first step of piety that body, hair and skin are not allowed to be self-wounded because they were born by parents. We will write a custom essay sample on Should Cosmetic Surgery Be Banned? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Should Cosmetic Surgery Be Banned? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Should Cosmetic Surgery Be Banned? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Point 4: The pretty or handsome appearance does not equal to have the benefit * The Harvard Medical School psychologist ‘Nancy Etcodd says looking good has survival value, and that sensitivity to beauty is a biological adaptation governed by brain circuits shaped by natural selection. * It it not necessary to go under the knife just to look good because there is not only beauty lie in the eye of the beholder. * They believe if they look good that they can get more things in society for no reason. Point 5: The cosmetic surgery was influenced social value. * As we know that, the social value of we learn is everything is fair, no matter what gentle, race, religion, background people. * But if mind set of people was change, everything will break, the social order will down and the value of social changed. * How do you think about the changing of social environment if the social value had changed? Disagree to ban the cosmetic surgery Point 1: Physical benefits * For those with a physical deformity, such as mastectomy patients, children born with a cleft lip and individuals with scarring, cosmetic surgery is helpful. * It also helps people who are not physically deformed, but who have a problem with specific body parts by correcting their perceived flaws and women who suffering after breast cancer surgery * Plastic surgery can also be restorative procedure, where returning the body to its original state after accident, injury or other events Point 2: Psychological benefits * Cosmetic surgery gives patients higher self-esteem. By fixing body issues, patients have greater confidence in themselves. * Patients who like their body have a higher self-confidence. * Social confidence leads a person to make contact with others. * Help gaining confident to those who has physical defect for example: breast cancer patient after having breast removing surgery, they can choose to have a new breast. Point 3: Good looking helps your personal and business relationship Personal: * Give people a better impression when first time meet. * Got the chance to know more friends. * Easier to get help from others. * More people will take the initiative to know about you before you know them Business: * Take the advantages, such as, easier to hit the sales target. * Colleagues are always willing to help you on the thing you don’t know. * Got more opportunity recruit by the company. * Easier to get notice from everyone. Point 4: Freedom to do the cosmetic surgery * If that particular person is happy with it, then he/she can just go with it. * We can’t stop another people’s right to do what he/she wants if he/she doesn’t harm anybody. * Cosmetic surgery doesn’t effect in anyone, only have effect on the person. Conclusion In conclusion, cosmetic surgery can be broken into 2 groups, cosmetic, which is optional, and reconstructive, which is not optional but needed. We believe cosmetic surgery should be banned when optional, but for those who require it to live, it is definitely acceptable. Lastly, we think that people should be content themselves and do not be so hung up on their looks.